• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Harvesting device for harvesting and / or picking up crops, with at least one pick-up unit (2) having a working width aligned transversely to the direction of travel (F) for picking up the harvested crop, the pick-up unit (2) having a plurality of at least partially vertically movable, arranged along the working width Having pick-up elements, the outer ends of the movable pick-up elements forming filling curves (5) during operation, with a conveyor unit (3) rotating about an axis of rotation (13) behind the pick-up unit (2) in the flow direction of the harvested crop being provided for further conveying the picked up crop Picking up or drawing in of harvested crop improved. The conveyor unit (3) protrudes at least partially in the direction of travel (F) beyond the envelope curves (5) of the pickup elements.
    公开号:BE1021636B1
    申请号:E2013/0251
    申请日:2013-04-09
    公开日:2015-12-21
    发明作者:Ulrich Boll；Stefan Loebe
    申请人:Claas Saulgau Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    "Harvesting device for picking up plants"
    The invention relates to a harvesting device for harvesting and / or picking up crops or plants or parts of plants according to the preamble of claim 1.
    State of the art
    For decades, so-called "pick-ups" have been used in agriculture to pick up crops such as hay, straw, silage, so-called "energy crops", etc. So not only loader wagons, balers, but also forage harvesters are equipped with appropriate pick-up attachments.
    These pick-ups have a pick-up roller which has numerous, transversely arranged to the direction of the tines, which perform in operation a rotational movement along corresponding controlled trajectories. Here, the tines take the usually mown crop and carry this in the vertical direction upwards. The crop thus picked up is directed to a conveyor which further feeds the crop. In a self-loading wagon, for example, the crop is often cut or shortened with the help of a cutting unit.
    In a pick-up attachment for a forage harvester, the picked crop is usually conveyed transversely through the conveyor to the center to a feed chute. The crop collected in this process is shredded via a cutting or chopping plant and usually fed via a discharge channel to a separate agricultural transport vehicle.
    Especially in the application field forage harvester is often stored by growing agricultural equipment a large amount of crop on a common swath together. For example, such forage harvesters have to pick up and process normal swaths and, in some cases, very large swaths during operation. It has been shown that fluctuating crop volumes that are to be absorbed, so far can lead to uneven further promotion or Häcklserauslastung.
    Especially with very large quantities of crops to be picked up, it has been shown that the forage harvester or the loading wagon etc. can only realize a comparatively low driving speed.
    However, since the inclusion of the crop from the field through the feed tines in
    Substantially from the field / bottom out vertically upwards and here the feed tines initially move against the direction of travel, the collection or capture of the crop is partly supported by the direction of travel or the speed of travel and further promoted accordingly. Thus, the intake or the collection of the crop to a certain extent also depends on the driving speed and sometimes not optimal at low driving speeds.
    Objects and advantages of the invention
    The object of the invention is in contrast to improve the intake or the collection of crop with an agricultural harvesting device.
    This object is achieved, starting from a harvesting device of the aforementioned type, by the features of claim 1. The measures mentioned in the dependent claims advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention are possible.
    Accordingly, a harvesting device according to the invention is characterized in that the conveyor unit projects at least partially in the direction of travel over the envelopes of the pickup elements.
    With the aid of such a conveyor unit, which projects beyond the envelopes of the pickup elements or prongs of the pick-up, the crop conveyed upwards in the vertical direction can be detected by the conveyor unit in an advantageous manner and can thereby be conveyed very well. Thus, an advantageous reliable collection of the crop is feasible even at very low speeds.
    In contrast to the invention so far the receiving elements or receiving tines downstream conveyor unit has been arranged in the direction of travel behind the foremost ends of the envelopes of the receiving elements. According to the invention, the conveying unit is now arranged in the vertical direction above the pickup unit or the pickup elements. In the prior art, the mutual orientation in the direction of travel was arranged rather behind one another.
    By means of the conveying unit projecting beyond the envelopes of the receiving elements according to the invention, the crop moved vertically upwards by the picking elements is advantageously detected in an advantageous manner and drawn in advantageously due to the opposing directions of rotation of receiving elements and conveying unit.
    Thus, according to the invention, in the intermediate region between the pickup unit and the conveying unit, a direction of rotation directed essentially counter to the direction of travel or, for the crop, an (almost parallel) conveying direction of the two units results. The thus improved collection or the improved forwarding of the picked crop leads to lower loads or forces on these components, which has an advantageous effect on the structural design and the life of the corresponding components.
    Both the pickup elements of the pickup unit form envelopes that are generated due to the rotational movement, as well as the conveyor unit or its conveying elements form (second) envelopes or enveloping circles. The envelopes of the transducer elements and the (second) envelopes of the conveyor unit are now arranged according to the invention to each other such that aligned to these curves, virtual tangents according to the invention in a smaller angle compared to the prior art align.
    The movable receiving elements often have guide plates or the like, along which the crop is guided and between which the conveyor tines are moved and completely submerge in the rearward movement and exit in the lower area near the bottom again so that they receive the crop from the ground accordingly (im front area of the pickup unit). These guide elements or guide plates are also according to the invention in a smaller angle to the conveyor unit than was the case in the prior art. This also leads to an improvement of the collection or to lower stresses of the existing components.
    Advantageously, the conveying unit has at least one transverse conveying device for conveying the crop along the axis of rotation or transversely to the direction of travel and in particular substantially horizontally directed. Preferably, the transverse conveyor device comprises at least one transport screw.
    This cross conveyor or screw conveyor allows e.g. in a forage harvester or the like, an advantageous forwarding of the crop to a usually centrally arranged collecting section or collecting channel. ' For example, the delivery unit has two, oppositely directed screw conveyors or a right-handed and a left-handed screw conveyor, so that the crop is conveyed on both sides of the collecting section to the center in an advantageous manner.
    In a particular embodiment of the invention, the largest diameter of the envelope of the conveyor screw of the conveyor unit is at least a factor of 1.5 larger than the largest diameter of the envelopes of the transducer elements. It has been found that an advantageous arrangement or an advantageous ratio is thereby generated, in which the collection of the crop between the conveyor unit and the pickup unit can be realized in a particularly advantageous manner. Even with highly fluctuating Erntegutmengen thereby a comparatively uniform processing and a uniform feeding of the Erntegutstromes can be realized. For example, diameter of the screw conveyor of the conveyor unit of about 900 mm is advantageous. In such a large-sized screw conveyor already commercial or standardized
    Receiving units or transducer elements are used to realize the ratio according to the invention or the factor 1.5 between the diameter of the screw conveyor and the diameter of the transducer elements.
    By a correspondingly large screw conveyor, a comparatively large depth of the thread of the screw conveyor can be realized, so that particularly large Erntegutmengen are editable. As a result, the ever-increasing number of working machines in agriculture is being satisfied. This means that, for example, rotary rakes with a particularly large working width can generate a particularly large swath, which can then be advantageously taken up and pulled in with the aid of a harvesting device according to the invention.
    In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, in the flow direction of the crop behind the conveyor unit, a conveying device rotating about a second axis of rotation is provided for further conveying the picked crop. With the help of this conveyor device is effectively prevented that behind the conveyor unit or behind the screw conveyor, i. Especially in the so-called "trough" or considered in a section in the direction of travel behind the screw conveyor and at the bottom, crop remains or is not sufficiently detected by the conveyor unit and forwarded.
    The conveying device allows advantageous at least partially vertical conveying of the crop, so that this is detected by the screw conveyor or the 'thread of the screw conveyor and transported on, even if a particularly large screw conveyor is used.
    Preferably, the conveying device, viewed in the flow direction of the crop, at least arranged in front of a collecting channel for collecting the crop. For example, in a forage harvester, a collection channel is present at a standardized position in the central area. The advantageous conveying device in front of this collection channel allows, even with very large augers or the like, that the crop is advantageously fed to the collecting channel or that it is lifted vertically and fed to the collecting channel.
    Advantageously, a width of the conveying device essentially corresponds to a width of the collecting channel. This ensures that the collecting channel is filled in an advantageous manner. In principle, the conveying device can also extend beyond the width of the collecting channel and / or extend over the entire working width of the harvesting device and / or the conveying unit or conveying screw.
    Preferably, the conveying device is designed as a substantially cylindrical conveying device. It has been found that it is sufficient in the region of the collecting channel to form the conveying device essentially as a smooth tube or smooth roll or the like. In the area next to the collecting channel, it may be advantageous to form the conveying device with a transverse conveying. For example, screw conveyors and / or conveyor grooves with an advantageous helical shape can be provided here.
    In principle, it is advantageous to make the peripheral speed of the conveying device slightly larger than the peripheral speed of the conveying unit or its conveying screw. It has been shown that as a result, the crop is particularly well carried on.
    In general, according to the invention, a kind of "milling effect" is generated by the conveyor unit or the screw conveyor. This means that the picked crop is detected in an advantageous manner and drawn into the harvesting device with an advantageous pull-in force. This pulling in or gripping of the crop to be picked up is advantageously generated by the conveying unit projecting beyond the envelopes of the receiving elements.
    embodiment
    An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing and will be explained with reference to the single figure below.
    Figure 1 shows schematically a cross-sectional view through a harvesting device according to the invention.
    In Figure 1, a so-called "pick-up" 1 is shown schematically. This pick-up 1 is provided for example as an attachment for a forage harvester, not shown. Only a part of an impeller 12 of the forage harvester is shown in FIG.
    The pick-up 1 comprises a pickup 2 and a screw conveyor 3. The pick-up 2 is already formed as in the prior art and includes numerous prongs which rotate about an axis 4 and are guided on non-illustrated trajectories. Due to the guided trajectory, an envelope 5 of the tine ends, which largely corresponds to a circular cross-section, but is slightly flattened in the upper, rearward facing area.
    In addition, the transducer comprises 2 baffles 6, between which, as is well known, the tines dip and along which the crop is guided or conveyed.
    Downstream of the pickup 2 in the flow direction of the crop is a screw conveyor 3 rotating about a rotation axis 3. According to the invention, the screw conveyor 3 or conveying unit, viewed in the direction of travel, is mounted at least partially in front of the envelope 5 of the pickup tines or the pickup 2. To illustrate this supernatant is shown in Figure 1, a first vertical tangent to the envelope 5 of the pickup 2 and a second, vertical tangent to the screw conveyor 3 shown. This makes it clear that according to the invention, a supernatant 7 of the screw conveyor 3 with respect to the pickup 2 and its envelope 5 is.
    This inventive arrangement of the screw conveyor 3 relative to the pickup 2 results in a, compared to the prior art, sharper angle W between (virtual) tangents of the sheets 6 and the screw conveyor 3 and the enveloping circle of the screw conveyor 3. This results in an improved Indentation or a reduction of the pull-in forces / compressive forces on the corresponding components, since the crop is (without further representation) contrary to the direction of travel F in the intermediate region 8 now detected corresponding acute-angled and drawn into the pick-up 1 or flows into it. That in the intermediate region 8 between the screw conveyor 3 and the pickup 2 almost touch the envelopes 5 of the pickup 2 and the screw conveyor. 3
    In contrast, in pick-ups according to the prior art, the screw conveyors are arranged clearly behind the pick-up 2, so that the contact of the screw conveyor with the picked-up crop was clearly obtuse, so far. The circumferential movement U of the screw conveyor 3 was previously at almost a right angle with respect to the sheets 6, so that comparatively large pressure forces on the screw conveyor 3 and the sheets 6 and the subsequent baffles / components of the pick up 1 acted.
    Moreover, it becomes clear in FIG. 1 that an additional feed roller 9 is provided in comparison to the prior art. The feed roller 9 is arranged counter to the direction of travel behind the screw conveyor 3 and in the lower region thereof. This feed roller 9 ensures prevention of
    Crop deposits in this area. Preferably, this feed roller 9 is formed as a cylindrical or smooth pipe and arranged in front of a collecting duct, not shown, in particular central or central collecting duct, the forage harvester.
    According to the invention, a considerably larger conveyor screw 3 is connected to e.g. 900 mm diameter or larger. For example, the core diameter may be about 500 mm. The feed roller 9 arranged in the region of a so-called trough of the feed screw 3 advantageously has a peripheral speed which is greater than the peripheral speed of the feed worm 3, so that the crop is advantageously conveyed to the collecting channel or into the collecting channel.
    For example, the drive of the screw conveyor 3 takes place from one side of the harvesting device or pick-up 1 and the drive of the pick-up 2 from the other side. The screw conveyor 3 is e.g. arranged on a pivoting rocker 10, at the end of one or two advantageous feed rollers 11 are provided. Such feed rollers 11 are already prior art.
    List of symbols 1 Pick-up 2 Transducer 3 Conveyor screw 4 Axis 5 Envelope 6 Guide plate 7 Projection 8 Area 9 Feed roller 10 Swingarm 11 Feed roller 12 Impeller 13 Axis F Direction of travel U Circumferential movement W Angle
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    claims
    1. Harvesting device for harvesting and / or picking up on the field crops such as plants or plant parts, with at least one transverse to the direction of travel (F) aligned working width pickup unit (2) for receiving the crop, wherein the pickup unit (2) at least several partially movable in the vertical direction, arranged along the working width pickup elements, wherein outer ends of the movable pickup elements in operation envelopes (5) form, wherein in the flow direction of the crop behind the pickup unit (2) about a rotation axis (13) rotating conveyor unit (3) is provided for further conveying the picked crop, characterized in that the conveyor unit (3) at least partially in the direction of travel (F) beyond the envelopes (5) of the pickup protrudes.
    [2]
    2. Harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the conveying unit (3) has at least one transverse conveying device (3) along the axis of rotation (13) directed conveying of crop.
    [3]
    3. Harvesting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transverse conveying device (3) comprises at least one transport screw (3).
    [4]
    4. Harvesting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the largest diameter of the envelope of the screw conveyor (3) of the conveyor unit (3) is at least a factor of 1.5 larger than the largest diameter of the envelopes (5) of the pickup elements.
    [5]
    5. Harvesting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the flow direction of the crop behind the conveyor unit (3) a rotating about a second axis of rotation conveyor (9) is provided for further conveying the picked crop.
    [6]
    6. Harvesting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the conveying device (9) viewed in the flow direction of the crop is arranged at least in front of a collecting channel for collecting the crop.
    [7]
    7. Harvesting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a width of the conveying device (9) substantially corresponds to a width of the collecting channel.
    [8]
    8. Forage harvester with a harvesting device according to one of the preceding claims.
    [9]
    9. loading wagon with a harvesting device according to one of the preceding claims.
    [10]
    10. baler with a harvesting device according to one of the preceding claims.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US20130333345A1|2013-12-19|
    US9015966B2|2015-04-28|
    DE102012011576B4|2014-05-08|
    DE102012011576A1|2013-12-19|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102012011576.8A|DE102012011576B4|2012-06-13|2012-06-13|Harvesting device for picking up plants|
    DE102012011|2012-06-13|
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